[Peter spoke to the crowd] with great confidence, that they might perceive the grace of the Spirit. He, who could not endure the questioning of a poor girl [at Jesus’ trial], now discourses with such great confidence in the middle of people all breathing murder upon him. This in itself became an indisputable proof of the resurrection. For wherever the Holy Spirit is present, people of clay [i.e., Peter] are changed into people of gold.

—John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles 4